The Constitutional Court is composed of twelve judges appointed by the King, four of whom are nominated by the Congress of Deputies by a three-fifths majority vote of its members, four nominated by the Senate by an identical majority vote, two nominated by the Government and two by the General Council of the Judiciary (Art. 159.1 of the Spanish Constitution).
Judges are appointed to the Constitutional Court among jurists of recognized competence, are independent and cannot be removed from office. They serve nine-year terms and cannot be immediately reappointed, unless they have been on the court for fewer than three years. There is no age limit for Constitutional Court judges. With a view to ensuring the Court’s ongoing work, a third of the judges are replaced every three years (Art. 159.3 of the Spanish Constitution).
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